A Comprehensive Review on Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity of Nanofluids

The innovation of nanofluids, a novel working fluid, has presented the development heat transfer properties in machining, automotive engine cooling systems, pumping power and others to optimize overall system. Nanofluids have pulled scientists' cogitation from various fields designing new thermal systems for different engineering applications due their distinctive thermophysical prospective applications. Long term stability, improved conductivity, viscosity are principal fundamental expectations nanofluids research achieve better performance. In previous couple decades, investigations been completed explore augmentation. For instance, kerosene-based oleic acid-coated Fe3O4 showed 300% improvement water-based single-walled carbon nanotube revealed 320% viscosity. This paper presents survey recent exploration outcomes focusing on viscosity, flow characteristics hybrid including preparation method utilized Additionally, elements that impact nanofluids' properties, challenges outline analysis most studies discussed referenced. Finally, although nanofluid increasing several sectors advanced discoveries nanofluid, yet, requires more study sorts combinations types nanoparticles, blending proportion identifying component which adds up-gradation commercialize practical fields.